Engxoxweni yakamuva nabezindaba zakwamanye amazwe, uNobhala Wezohwebo waseMelika uRaymond Mondo uthe uMongameli wase-US uJoe Biden uthatha indlela ecophelela kakhulu emalini ebekwe yi-US eChina ngesikhathi sokuphatha kukaTrump futhi ukala izinketho ezahlukahlukene.
URaimondo uthi kuba nzima kancane.“UMongameli [Biden] ucubungula izinketho zakhe.Wayeqaphe kakhulu.Ufuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi asenzi lutho olungalimaza abasebenzi baseMelika kanye nabasebenzi baseMelika.”
"Sesikuveze kaningi ukuthi ngeke abekho abawinile empini yezohwebo," kusho okhulumela uMnyango Wezangaphandle u-Wang Wenbin esithangamini nabezindaba esijwayelekile ngoLwesithathu.Ukukhokhiswa okukodwa kwentela engeziwe yi-US akulungile e-US, China noma umhlaba.Ukususwa kusenesikhathi kwazo zonke izintela ezengeziwe e-China kuhle e-United States, China kanye nomhlaba.
UDkt. Guan Jian, onguzakwethu eBeijing Gaowen Law Firm kanye nommeli we-warehousing eMnyangweni Wezohwebo waseChina, uthe i-United States isemkhankasweni wokubuyekeza ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kokubuyekezwa, okuhlanganisa izicelo ezingaphezu kuka-400 ezivela kwabathintekayo, kodwa izinhlangano zezabasebenzi ezihlobene ezingama-24 e-United States zithumele izicelo zokuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa ngokugcwele kwezintela eminye iminyaka emithathu.Leyo mibono izoba nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni abaphathi beBiden bazinciphisa kanjani izintela.
'Zonke izinketho zihlala etafuleni'
"Kunzima kakhulu, kodwa ngithemba ukuthi singadlulela ngale kwalokho futhi sibuyele endaweni lapho singaba nezingxoxo eziningi," esho ngokususa amanani entengo eChina.
Eqinisweni, imibiko yokuthi abaphathi beBiden bebecubungula ukunyusa amanani okuthengwa kwempahla eChina yaqala ukuvela kwabezindaba baseMelika engxenyeni yesibili ka-2021. Ngaphakathi kokuphatha, abanye, okubandakanya uRaimondo kanye noNobhala Wezezimali uJanet Yellen, bancike ekususeni amanani, kuyilapho Ummeleli Wezohwebo wase-US uSusan Dechi ebheke kolunye uhlangothi.
NgoMeyi 2020, u-Yellen wathi ukhuthaza ukuqedwa kwezinye izintela zokujezisa eChina.Ephendula, umkhulumeli woMnyango Wezohwebo waseShayina, u-Shu Juting, uthe ngaphansi kwesimo samanje sokwehla kwamandla emali, ukususwa kwentela yase-US e-China kuyinzuzo enkulu yabathengi namabhizinisi ase-US, okuyinto enhle e-US, China kanye nomhlaba. .
NgoMeyi 10, ephendula umbuzo mayelana nentela, uMnu. Biden waphendula mathupha ukuthi "kuyaxoxwa ngakho, kuyabhekwa ukuthi yini engaba nomthelela omuhle kakhulu."
Ukwehla kwamandla emali kithina bekuphezulu, amanani abathengi enyuke ngo-8.6% ngoMeyi kanye no-9.1% ekupheleni kukaJuni kusukela onyakeni odlule.
Ekupheleni kukaJuni, i-US iphinde yathi icabanga ukwenza isinqumo sokunciphisa amanani entengo aseMelika eChina.USuh uthe i-China ne-United States kufanele bahlangane phakathi benze imizamo ngokubambisana yokudala isimo nezimo zokubambisana kwezomnotho nezohwebo, kugcinwe uzinzo emaketangeni ezimboni nezimboni zomhlaba wonke, futhi kuzuze abantu bamazwe womabili kanye nomhlaba.
Nakulokhu, umkhulumeli we-White House u-Salaam Sharma uphendule wathi: 'Umuntu kuphela ongathatha isinqumo ngumongameli, futhi umongameli akakenzi sinqumo.'
"Akukho okusetafuleni okwamanje, zonke izinketho zisetafuleni," kusho uMnu. Sharma.
Kepha e-United States, ukususa amanani entengo akusona isinqumo esiqondile sikamongameli, ngokusho kochwepheshe bezomthetho.
U-Guan wachaza ukuthi ngaphansi kwe-US Trade Act ka-1974, akukho simiso esinikeza uMongameli wase-US amandla okunquma ngokuqondile ukunqamula noma ukukhulula intela ethile noma umkhiqizo.Esikhundleni salokho, ngaphansi kwalesi senzo, kunezimo ezintathu kuphela lapho amanani entengo asevele ekhona angashintshwa.
Esimweni sokuqala, iHhovisi le-United States Trade Representative (USTR) lenza ukubuyekezwa kokuphela kweminyaka emine yezindleko, okungabangela izinguquko ezinyathelweni.
Okwesibili, uma umongameli wase-United States ebona kudingekile ukuguqula izilinganiso zentela, kufanele futhi enze inqubo evamile futhi anikeze amathuba kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ukuze ziveze imibono yazo futhi zenze iziphakamiso, ezifana nokubamba izigcawu.Isinqumo sokuthi lezi zinyathelo zixegisiwe sizokwenziwa kuphela ngemva kokuphothulwa kwezinqubo ezifanele.
Ngaphezu kwezindlela ezimbili ezihlinzekwe kuMthetho Wohwebo we-1974, enye indlela inqubo yokukhishwa kwemikhiqizo, edinga kuphela ukuqonda kwe-USTR, kusho u-Guan.
“Ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo lokuvalela ngaphandle nakho kudinga inqubo ende kanye nokwaziswa komphakathi.Isibonelo, isimemezelo sizothi, "UMongameli uthe ukwehla kwamandla emali kuphezulu okwamanje, futhi uphakamise ukuthi i-USTR ingafaki noma yiziphi izintela ezingase zithinte izithakazelo zabathengi.Ngemuva kokuthi wonke amaqembu ebeke imibono yawo, eminye imikhiqizo ingase ingafakwa.”Ngokujwayelekile, inqubo yokukhishwa ithatha izinyanga, uthe, futhi kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha noma eziyisishiyagalolunye ukufinyelela esinqumweni.
Susa amanani entengo noma wandise ukukhululwa?
Okuchazile uGuan Jian izinhlu ezimbili zentela yase-US e-China, olunye uhlu lwezintela kanti olunye wuhlu lokungakhokhi.
Ngokwezibalo, abaphathi bakaTrump bagunyaze izigaba ezingaphezu kuka-2,200 XNUMX zokukhululwa ezindlekweni zaseChina, okuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningi ezibalulekile zezimboni nemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.Ngemuva kokuthi lokho kukhululwa kuphelelwe yisikhathi ngaphansi kwabaphathi be-Biden, i-USTR kaDeqi ikhiphe izigaba ezengeziwe zemikhiqizo ezingama-352 kuphela, ezaziwa ngokuthi “Uhlu lwabakhululiwe abangu-352.”
Ukubuyekezwa "kohlu lwe-352 exemption" kubonisa ukuthi ingxenye yemishini nempahla yabathengi inyukile.Inqwaba yamaqembu amabhizinisi ase-US kanye nabenzi bezomthetho banxuse i-USTR ukuthi inyuse kakhulu inani lokungakhokhi intela.
U-Guan ubikezele ukuthi i-United States cishe izocela i-USTR ukuthi iqale kabusha inqubo yokukhishwa komkhiqizo, ikakhulukazi ezimpahleni zabathengi ezingase zilimaze izintshisekelo zabathengi.
Muva nje, umbiko omusha ovela ku-Consumer Technology Association (CTA) ubonise ukuthi abangenisi bezobuchwepheshe base-US bakhokhe imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-32 zamarandi ekuthengisweni okuvela e-China phakathi kuka-2018 nokuphela kuka-2021, futhi lesi sibalo sikhule kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule ( ibhekise ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zika-2022), okungenzeka ifinyelele isamba sezigidigidi ezingama-40 zamaRandi.
Lo mbiko ukhombisa ukuthi amanani entela okuthunyelwa kweChina e-United States kubambe ukukhiqizwa kweMelika kanye nokukhula kwemisebenzi: Eqinisweni, imisebenzi yokukhiqiza ezobuchwepheshe yase-US imile futhi kwezinye izimo yehla ngemuva kokubekwa kwentela.
U-Ed Brzytwa, iphini likamongameli we-CTA kwezohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, uthe kusobala ukuthi amanani entengo awakasebenzi futhi alimaza amabhizinisi aseMelika kanye nabathengi.
"Njengoba amanani enyuka kuyo yonke imikhakha yomnotho wase-US, ukususa amanani kuzonciphisa ukwehla kwamandla emali kanye nezindleko eziphansi zawo wonke umuntu.""Kusho uBrezteva.
U-Guan uthe ukholelwa ukuthi ububanzi bokunciphisa intela noma ukukhishwa komkhiqizo kungagxila ezimpahleni ezithengwayo.“Sibonile ukuthi selokhu uBiden ethathe izintambo, useqale uchungechunge lwezinqubo zokungafakwa kwemikhiqizo ezihoxise intela yezinto ezingama-352 ezivela eChina.Okwamanje, uma siqala kabusha inqubo yokukhishwa komkhiqizo, inhloso eyinhloko ukuphendula ukugxekwa kwasekhaya mayelana nokwehla kwamandla emali aphezulu.”'Umonakalo ezintshisakalweni zemizi kanye nabathengi ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali ugxile kakhulu ezimpahleni ezithengwayo, okungenzeka ukuthi zigxile kuhlu 3 no-4A lapho kukhokhiswa khona intela, njengamathoyizi, izicathulo, izindwangu nezimpahla zokugqoka,' uMnu. Guan. kusho.
NgoJulayi 5, uZhao Lijian uthe esithangamini sabezindaba esijwayelekile soMnyango Wezangaphandle ukuthi isimo seChina odabeni lwentela siyavumelana futhi sicacile.Ukususwa kwazo zonke izintela ezengeziwe e-China kuzozuzisa i-China ne-United States kanye nomhlaba wonke.Ngokusho kwabacwaningi baseMelika, ukuqedwa kwazo zonke izintela e-China kuzonciphisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali e-US ngephesenti elilodwa.Uma kubhekwa isimo samanje sokwehla kwamandla emali okuphezulu, ukususwa kusenesikhathi kwezintela e-China kuzozuzisa abathengi namabhizinisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-17-2022